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# Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5)

The Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5) module is useful for gas leakage detection (in home and industry). It is suitable for detecting H2, LPG, CH4, CO, Alcohol. Due to its high sensitivity and fast response time, measurements can be taken as soon as possible. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by using the potentiometer.

Note

The sensor value only reflects the approximated trend of gas concentration in a permissible error range, it DOES NOT represent the exact gas concentration. The detection of certain components in the air usually requires a more precise and costly instrument, which cannot be done with a single gas sensor. If your project is aimed at obtaining the gas concentration at a very precise level, then we do not recommend this gas sensor.
Sensor Gas Type Get One Now
MQ2 Combustible Gas, Smoke
MQ3 Alcohol Vapor
MQ5 LPG, Natural Gas, Town Gas
MQ9 Carbon Monoxide, Coal Gas, Liquefied Gas

Tip

We've released the Seeed Gas Sensor Selection Guide, it will help you choose the gas sensor that best suits your needs.

## Features¶

• Wide detecting scope
• Stable and long life
• Fast response and High sensitivity

## Specification¶

Item Parameter Min Typical Max Unit
VCC Working Voltage 4.9 5 5.1 V
PH Heating consumption 0.5 - 800 mW
RH Heater resistance - 31±10% - Ω
Rs Sensing Resistance 10 - 60
Scope Detecting Concentration 200 - 10000 ppm

## Applications¶

• Gas leakage detection.
• Toys.

## Hardware Overview¶

This is an Analog output sensor. This needs to be connected to any one Analog socket in Grove Base Shield. The examples used in this tutorial makes uses of A0 analog pin. Connect this module to the A0 port of Base Shield.

It is possible to connect the Grove module to Arduino directly by using jumper wires by using the connection as shown in the table below:

Arduino Gas Sensor
5V VCC
GND GND
NC NC
Analog A0 SIG

The output voltage from the Gas sensor increases when the concentration of gas increases. Sensitivity can be adjusted by varying the potentiometer. Please note that the best preheat time for the sensor is above 24 hours. For detailed information about the MQ-5 sensor, please refer to the data-sheet provided in Resources section.

## Platforms Supported¶

Arduino Raspberry Pi BeagleBone Wio LinkIt ONE

Caution

The platforms mentioned above as supported is/are an indication of the module's software or theoritical compatibility. We only provide software library or code examples for Arduino platform in most cases. It is not possible to provide software library / demo code for all possible MCU platforms. Hence, users have to write their own software library.

## Getting Started¶

### Play With Arduino¶

Materials required

Seeeduino V4.2 Base Shield Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5)
Get One Now Get One Now Get One Now

Connect the Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5) to A0 port as shown in the picture above.

#### Gas Detection : Basic Example¶

In this example, the sensor is connected to A0 pin. The voltage read from the sensor is displayed. This value can be used as a threshold to detect any increase/decrease in gas concentration.

Note

You need an extra tool to find a certain threshold for various air condition. And then set the threshold in code.
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
float sensor_volt;
float sensorValue;

sensor_volt = sensorValue/1024*5.0;

Serial.print("sensor_volt = ");
Serial.print(sensor_volt);
Serial.println("V");
delay(1000);
}


#### Measurement : Approximation¶

This examples demonstrates a way to know the approximate concentration of Gas. As per the data-sheet of the MQ5 sensors, these equations are tested for standard conditions and are not calibrated. It may vary based on change in temperature or humidity.

1. Keep the Gas Sensor in clean air environment. Upload the program below.
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
float sensor_volt;
float RS_air; //  Get the value of RS via in a clear air
float R0;  // Get the value of R0 via in H2
float sensorValue;

/*--- Get a average data by testing 100 times ---*/
for(int x = 0 ; x < 100 ; x++)
{
}
sensorValue = sensorValue/100.0;
/*-----------------------------------------------*/

sensor_volt = sensorValue/1024*5.0;
RS_air = (5.0-sensor_volt)/sensor_volt; // omit *RL
R0 = RS_air/6.5; // The ratio of RS/R0 is 6.5 in a clear air from Graph (Found using WebPlotDigitizer)

Serial.print("sensor_volt = ");
Serial.print(sensor_volt);
Serial.println("V");

Serial.print("R0 = ");
Serial.println(R0);
delay(1000);
}

1. Then, open the serial monitor of Arduino IDE. Write down the value of R0 and this needs to be used in the next program. Please node down the R0 after the reading stabilizes.

Replace the R0 below with value of R0 tested above . Expose the sensor to any one of the gas listed above.

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {

float sensor_volt;
float RS_gas; // Get value of RS in a GAS
float ratio; // Get ratio RS_GAS/RS_air
sensor_volt=(float)sensorValue/1024*5.0;
RS_gas = (5.0-sensor_volt)/sensor_volt; // omit *RL

/*-Replace the name "R0" with the value of R0 in the demo of First Test -*/
ratio = RS_gas/R0;  // ratio = RS/R0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

Serial.print("sensor_volt = ");
Serial.println(sensor_volt);
Serial.print("RS_ratio = ");
Serial.println(RS_gas);
Serial.print("Rs/R0 = ");
Serial.println(ratio);

Serial.print("\n\n");

delay(1000);

}


Now, we can get the concentration of gas from the figure below.

According to the figure, we can see that the minimum concentration we can test is 200ppm and the maximum is 10000ppm, in a other word, we can get a concentration of gas between 0.02% and 1%. However, we can't provide a formula because the relation between ratio and concentration is nonlinear.

### Play With Raspberry Pi (With Grove Base Hat for Raspberry Pi)¶

#### Hardware¶

• Step 1. Things used in this project:
Raspberry pi Grove Base Hat for RasPi Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5)
Get ONE Now Get ONE Now Get ONE Now
• Step 2. Plug the Grove Base Hat into Raspberry.
• Step 3. Connect the Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5) to port A0 of the Base Hat.
• Step 4. Connect the Raspberry Pi to PC through USB cable.

Note

For step 3 you are able to connect the Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ5) to any Analog Port but make sure you change the command with the corresponding port number.

#### Software¶

• Step 1. Follow Setting Software to configure the development environment.
• Step 2. Download the source file by cloning the grove.py library.
cd ~
git clone https://github.com/Seeed-Studio/grove.py

• Step 3. Excute below commands to write the code.

cd grove.py/grove
nano grove_gas_sensor_mq5.py

Then you should copy following code in this file and hit Ctrl+X to quit and save.

import math
import sys
import time

class GroveGasSensorMQ5:

def __init__(self, channel):
self.channel = channel

@property
def MQ5(self):
return value

Grove = GroveGasSensorMQ5

def main():
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
sys.exit(1)

sensor = GroveGasSensorMQ5(int(sys.argv[1]))

print('Detecting...')
while True:
print('Gas value: {0}'.format(sensor.MQ5))
time.sleep(.3)

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

• Step 4. Excute below commands to run code.
python grove_gas_sensor_mq5.py  0


Success

If everything goes well, you will be able to see the following result

pi@raspberrypi:~/grove.py/grove \$ python grove_gas_sensor_mq5.py  0
Detecting...
Gas value: 28
Gas value: 28
Gas value: 27
Gas value: 26
Gas value: 26
^CTraceback (most recent call last):
File "grove_gas_sensor_mq5.py", line 69, in <module>
main()
File "grove_gas_sensor_mq5.py", line 66, in main
time.sleep(.3)
KeyboardInterrupt


You can quit this program by simply press Ctrl+C.

Notice

You may have noticed that for the analog port, the silkscreen pin number is something like A0, A1, however in the command we use parameter 0 and 1, just the same as digital port. So please make sure you plug the module into the correct port, otherwise there may be pin conflicts.