24GHz mmWave Sensor - Human Static Presence Module (MR24HPB1)

Intrdocution

The Human Static Presence Radar Sensor is a self-contained, privacy-protectively, safety mmWave module operating at 24GHz. With the enhanced Infineon Doppler radar and the standard algorithm, the module is an ideal solution for individual applications like smart home, smart hotel and danger alarm.

Application

Smart Home

Features

Reliable tech: Infineon mmWave FMCW industrial radar
Enabled theory: Apply Doppler radar technology with Near Distance Sensor(NDS) operating at 24GHz
Standard algorithm: Distinguish occupied/unoccupied conditions and identify human activities in the self-adaption environment
Perfect privacy protection: Provide surveillance capabilities without identification
Flexible install location: Operate properly regardless of the shelter blocks
Harmless working status: Output 10 dBm harmless energy power
High accuracy: Decrease the interference of non-living objects and the output results achieve more than 95% accuracy
High robustness: Maintain proper functioning in a complex environment containing different temperatures, humidity, noise, air currents, dust, light and so on.
High performing antenna: Sense even micromotion in a fan-beam pattern where Horizontal90°/ Vertical60°
Measurement distance:
- Motion perception maximum distance: up to 12 meters
- Micromotion perception maximum distance: up to 5 meters
- Body perception maximum distance: up to 3 meters
Detecting time:
- Unoccupied to occupied status: within 0.5 seconds
- Manned to unmanned status: above 1 minute
Customizable radar: Support secondary development including radar parameter, protocol, antenna, function

Hardware Overview

S1 output: high level - occupied, low level - unoccupied.
S2 output: high level - active, low level - stationary
GP1 to GP4 are parameter selection controls, which can be redefined according to user requirements.
The output signals of this interface are all at 3.3V level.

caution

The power consumption of the product is 500mW, which is not suitable for long-term power supply.

Characteristic

Getting Started

Arduino Library Overview

tip

If this is your first time using Arduino, we highly recommend you to refer to Getting Started with Arduino.

The library code used in this example can be downloaded by clicking the icon below.

Before we get started developing a sketch, let's look at the available functions of the library.

void recvRadarBytes() —— This function takes the length of the current frame returned by radar. The frames are stored in an array according to that length. Input parameters: None Return value: None
void Bodysign_judgment(byte inf[], float Move_min, float Move_max) —— The data returned by the radar contains a large amount of physical data. The user has the flexibility to adjust the detected motion information based on the sign data and the decoding algorithm provided by the function. The content of the judgment will be output via the serial port. Input parameters:
- byte inf[] —— Data frames sent by the radar.
- float Move_min —— Determine the threshold of the user being in a stationary or unoccupied state.
- float Move_max —— Determine the threshold value for the user to be in a stationary state or a state where someone is in motion.
  Return value: None About the description of the sign parameters: Theoretically, the calculated values of the sign parameters range from 0 to 100. When the calculated value is 0, it means that no one is detected in the surrounding environment. When the calculated value is 1, it means that the environment is detected to be occupied and in a stationary state. A calculated value of 2 to 100 indicates that the surroundings are detected to be occupied and active.
void Situation_judgment(byte inf[]) —— This function detects whether the human body is approaching or moving away from the location where the radar is located and determines the movement of the human body, according to the algorithm inside the radar. This information will be output through the serial port. Input parameters:
- byte inf[] —— Data frames sent by the radar.
  Return value: None
void Fall_inf(byte inf[]) —— This function completes the decoding of the fall detection information returned by the radar and prints the results of the radar detection through the serial port. Input parameters:
- byte inf[] —— Data frames sent by the radar.
  Return value: None
unsigned short int us_CalculateCrc16(unsigned char *lpuc_Frame, unsigned short int lus_Len) —— This function is used to generate CRC16 checksum. Input parameters:
- unsigned char *lpuc_Frame —— The data frame you want to send to the radar (not including the final 2 Byte checksum frame).
- unsigned short int lus_Len —— The length of the data frame you want to send to the radar.
  Return value: 2 Byte integer type check digit.
  Return value: None
void SerialInit() —— Set the radar serial port baud rate to 9600. If it is a Seeeduino board, set the soft serial port to RX: 2, TX: 3. Input parameters: None Return value: None

Installation

Step 1. You need to Install an Arduino Software.

Step 2. Launch the Arduino application.

Step 3. Select your development board model and add it to the Arduino IDE.

If you want to use Seeeduino V4.2 for the later routines, please refer to this tutorial to finish adding.
If you want to use Seeeduino XIAO for the later routines, please refer to this tutorial to finish adding.
If you want to use XIAO RP2040 for the later routines, please refer to this tutorial to finish adding.
If you want to use XIAO BLE for the later routines, please refer to this tutorial to finish adding.

Step 4. Install the Arduino code library.

Start by getting the code base from GitHub and downloading it to your local computer.

Since you have downloaded the zip Library, open your Arduino IDE, click on Sketch > Include Library > Add .ZIP Library. Choose the zip file you just downloaded，and if the library install correct, you will see Library added to your libraries in the notice window. Which means the library is installed successfully.

Materials Required

Before completing the following examples, you will need to prepare the following materials.



24GHz mmWave Radar Sensor	Seeed XIAO BLE nRF52840 Sense	2mm to 2.54mm Pitch Ribbon Cable

Step 1. Connect the device to the computer through the main board. The wiring diagram is shown in the table below.


Radar Sensor		Main Board
5V	-->	5V
GND	-->	GND
RX	-->	D6
TX	-->	D7

Step 2. In the menu bar in the upper left corner of the Arduino IDE, select tool, choose the type of development board you are using, and select the corresponding serial port.

tip

If you are using MacOS, the serial port name of the device will often start with /dev/cu.usbmodem xxx, ending with the name of the device. If you are using Windows, the device's serial port name will often begin with COM, again ending with the device's name.

In this example, we will demonstrate how the radar works with our popular product XIAO BLE.

Demo1 Obtaining human motion using feature parameter analysis

Among the large amount of data returned by radar, information on physical data makes up the majority of the information. Sometimes, over-reliance on the radar's own algorithms can yield less than satisfactory results in some scenarios. Then, we can choose to use the information returned by the radar to make suitable adjustments according to the actual application scenarios.

The code in this example is as follows.

//Physical_Parameters_Example.ino

#include <sleepbreathingradar.h>

SleepBreathingRadar radar;

void setup()
{
  radar.SerialInit();
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(1500);
  Serial.println("Readly");
}

void loop()
{
 radar.recvRadarBytes();                       //Receive radar data and start processing
 if (radar.newData == true) {                  //The data is received and transferred to the new list dataMsg[]
    byte dataMsg[radar.dataLen+1] = {0x00};
    dataMsg[0] = 0x55;                         //Add the header frame as the first element of the array
    for (byte n = 0; n < radar.dataLen; n++)dataMsg[n+1] = radar.Msg[n];  //Frame-by-frame transfer
    radar.newData = false;                     //A complete set of data frames is saved
    
    //radar.ShowData(dataMsg);                 //Serial port prints a set of received data frames
    radar.Bodysign_judgment(dataMsg, 1, 15); //Output of human movement using sign parameters
  }
}

radar.Bodysign_judgment(dataMsg, 1, 15);

Once the dataMsg array is obtained, we can pass the data of this array as the first argument to the Bodysign_judgment() function, which parses the sign parameters.

The second and third parameters of the function Bodysign_judgment() are the critical values for judging the unoccupied and the human body at rest, the critical values for the human body at rest and in motion, respectively.

(1, 15) means that when the calculated value of the body sign is less than 1, output no one is in the environment. When the somatic value is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 15, the output is that the current environment is occupied by someone in a stationary state. When the value of body sign is greater than or equal to 35, it outputs that there is someone moving in the environment.

Upload program. Opening your serial monitor to a baud rate of 9600 should show the result. The output should look something like the below image.

tip

The values following the output data frame represent the calculated sign values.

Demo 2 Sending data to radar

Radar opens a very large number of interfaces for us to get information and to set the radar sensitivity or scene. This routine will instruct the user how to use the user manual to send data messages to the radar to adjust the parameters of the radar or to obtain the desired data information.

Step 1. Obtain data frames based on the desired query.

Download the user manual in the Resource area, and in Chapter 8.2, find the content of the frames you need to query or set up, and organize them.

In this example, assuming you want to look up the ID of the radar device, you should be able to get the desired function code, address code 1 and address code 2.

Step 2. Open the sample code in Arduino IDE.

The code in this example is as follows.

//CRC_Checksum_Generation.ino

#include <sleepbreathingradar.h>

SleepBreathingRadar radar;
char buff[30];

void setup()
{
  radar.SerialInit();
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(1500);
  Serial.println("Readly");
}

void loop()
{
  //Please fill in the data frame you want to set according to the datasheet(Excluding 2 Byte checksum frames)
  unsigned char data[] = {0x55, 0x08, 0x00, 0x05, 0x01, 0x04, 0x03};
  
  unsigned int length = sizeof(data)/sizeof(unsigned char);
  unsigned char datas[length + 2];
  for (int n = 0; n < length; n++)datas[n] = data[n];
  unsigned short int crc_data = radar.us_CalculateCrc16(data, length);
  sprintf(buff, "The CRC16 values is: %04x", crc_data);
  Serial.println(buff);
  datas[length] = (crc_data & 0xff00) >> 8;
  datas[length+1] = crc_data & 0xff;
  Serial.print("The datas send to the radar: ");
  for (int n = 0; n < length + 2; n++){
    char buffsend[1];
    sprintf(buffsend, "0x%02x ", datas[n]);
    Serial.print(buffsend);
  }
  Serial.println();
  delay(6000);
}

Step 3. Modifies the content of the data frame to generate the complete data frame sent to the radar.

What we need to modify is the data[] array in the loop.

//Please fill in the data frame you want to set according to the datasheet(Excluding 2 Byte checksum frames)
unsigned char data[] = {0x55, 0x08, 0x00, 0x05, 0x01, 0x04, 0x03};

The places we need to modify are the second element, the fourth to the last element. The header frame 0x55 is fixed and does not need to be modified. The second frame is the length frame, please modify it according to the length of the data you send. The third frame is fixed to 0x00. The fourth frame is the function code, the fifth frame is the address code 1, and so on.

tip

About the length frame calculation method:
Length = Data Length + Function Code + Address Code 1 + Address Code 2 + Data + Checksum. (Head frames are not counted)

See Chapter 8 of the user manual for more information on frame formats and rules.

Upload program. Opening your serial monitor to a baud rate of 9600 should show the result. The output should look something like the below image.

The complete data that needs to be sent to the radar will be displayed in the serial monitor.

Other ways

If you don't want to use any master to generate complete data frames, you can also paste this code below into an editor that can run C programs. Follow the above procedure and fill in the array data with the contents of your frames.

#include <stdio.h>

const unsigned char cuc_CRCHi[256]= {
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40
};

const unsigned char  cuc_CRCLo[256]= {
  0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7,
  0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E,
  0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09, 0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9,
  0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC,
  0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
  0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32,
  0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D,
  0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38,
  0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF,
  0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
  0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1,
  0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4,
  0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F, 0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB,
  0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA,
  0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
  0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0,
  0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97,
  0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E,
  0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89,
  0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
  0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83,
  0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40
};

static unsigned short int us_CalculateCrc16(unsigned char *lpuc_Frame, unsigned short int lus_Len){
  unsigned char luc_CRCHi = 0xFF;
  unsigned char luc_CRCLo = 0xFF;
  int li_Index=0;
  while(lus_Len--){
    li_Index = luc_CRCLo ^ *( lpuc_Frame++);
    luc_CRCLo = (unsigned char)( luc_CRCHi ^ cuc_CRCHi[li_Index]);
    luc_CRCHi = cuc_CRCLo[li_Index];
  }
  return (unsigned short int )(luc_CRCLo << 8 | luc_CRCHi);
}

int main() {
    //Please fill in the data frame you want to set according to the datasheet(Excluding 2 Byte checksum frames)
    unsigned char data[] = {0x55, 0x07, 0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01};

    unsigned short int crc_data = 0x0000;
    unsigned int length = sizeof(data)/sizeof(unsigned char);
    unsigned char datas[length + 2];
    for (int n = 0; n < length; n++)datas[n] = data[n];
    printf("The data frame length is: %d\n", length);
    crc_data = us_CalculateCrc16(data, length);
    datas[length] = (crc_data & 0xff00) >> 8;
    datas[length+1] = crc_data & 0xff;
    printf("The last two CRC check digits are: %04x\n", crc_data);
    printf("The datas send to the radar: ");
    for (int n = 0; n < length + 2; n++){
        printf("0x%02x ", datas[n]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

After the editor execution, it is also possible to output the complete data frames that need to be sent to the radar.

Step 4. Send data frames to the radar.

Connect the radar directly to the computer's usb port via a UART to USB device. The wiring is shown in the table below.


Radar Sensor		Main Board
5V	-->	5V
GND	-->	GND
RX	-->	TX
TX	-->	RX

Use a software like serial debugging assistant to select the serial port where the radar is located.

caution

24GHz radar needs 5V power supply, otherwise the radar may not work properly.

After a successful connection, you will see the radar sending a steady stream of messages.

Paste the complete data frame we obtained in step3 onto the send area of the software. Then click Send.

You can look out for a set of data returned with the third element being 0x03. This set of data is the information obtained after the query. If you send data that adjusts the parameters of the radar, it will also return such information.

caution

If you choose ASCII as the format for sending data, each data set needs to be prefixed with 0x. If you choose HEX, then each set of data does not need to be prefixed with 0x.

Troubleshooting

FAQ1: How to apply the code to Seeeduino (or Arduino)?

Because of the different hardware design, the serial port of XIAO series or Wio Terminal are named Serial1, while Seeeduino or Arduino need to use soft serial port. If you want to use the radar for Seeeduino, you can change the soft serial port or use pins 2 (RX) and 3 (TX).

FAQ2: What should I do if XIAO BLE and Radar collect data for a long time and cannot upload the code?

At this time, you can use your finger to lightly press the reset button on top of XIAO BLE to re-upload the program to run.

Resources

[PDF] Human Presence User Manual
[ZIP] 24GHz Respiratory schematic
[PPTX] Seeed mmWave sensor series V2.0

Tech Support & Product Discussion

Thank you for choosing our products! We are here to provide you with different support to ensure that your experience with our products is as smooth as possible. We offer several communication channels to cater to different preferences and needs.

24GHz mmWave Sensor - Human Static Presence Module (MR24HPB1)

Intrdocution​

Application​

Features​

Hardware Overview​

Characteristic​

Getting Started​

Arduino Library Overview​

Installation​

Materials Required​

Demo1 Obtaining human motion using feature parameter analysis​

Demo 2 Sending data to radar​

Troubleshooting​

Resources​

Tech Support & Product Discussion​

Intrdocution

Application

Features

Hardware Overview

Characteristic

Getting Started

Arduino Library Overview

Installation

Materials Required

Demo1 Obtaining human motion using feature parameter analysis

Demo 2 Sending data to radar

Troubleshooting

Resources

Tech Support & Product Discussion