连接到 TTN
The Things Stack(TTS) 是一个 LoRaWAN® 网络服务器堆栈，是任何 LoRaWAN 解决方案的关键组件。在本章中，我们将指导用户将 Wio Tracker 1110 开发板连接到 The Things Network。
配置开发板
在连接到 TTS 之前，您需要在 SenseCAP Mate APP 上配置开发板的基本参数，详情请查看快速入门。
- 将平台设置为 TTN，然后复制
Device EUI/APP EUI/APP Key。
配置 The Things Stack
步骤 1：创建应用程序
导航到应用程序页面，点击"+Create application"。
输入应用程序 ID，点击 Create Application 保存更改。
步骤 2：注册设备
粘贴 Device EUI/APP EUI/APP Key，根据您的设备选择 frequency plan，然后点击 Register end device。
tip
JoinEUI 以前称为 AppEUI，它们是相同的。
步骤 3：配置解码器
导航到 Payload formatters，选择 Formatter type 为 Custom Javasript formatter，然后复制以下代码：
For TTN
function decodeUplink (input) {
const bytes = input['bytes']
const fport = parseInt(input['fPort'])
const bytesString = bytes2HexString(bytes)
const originMessage = bytesString.toLocaleUpperCase()
const decoded = {
valid: true,
err: 0,
payload: bytesString,
messages: []
}
if (fport === 199 || fport === 192) {
decoded.messages.push({fport: fport, payload: bytesString})
return { data: decoded }
}
if (fport !== 5) {
decoded.valid = false
return { data: decoded }
}
let measurement = messageAnalyzed(originMessage)
if (measurement.length === 0) {
decoded.valid = false
return { data: decoded }
}
for (let message of measurement) {
if (message.length === 0) {
continue
}
let elements = []
for (let element of message) {
if (element.errorCode) {
decoded.err = element.errorCode
decoded.errMessage = element.error
} else {
elements.push(element)
}
}
if (elements.length > 0) {
decoded.messages.push(elements)
}
}
// decoded.messages = measurement
return { data: decoded }
}
function messageAnalyzed (messageValue) {
try {
let frames = unpack(messageValue)
let measurementResultArray = []
for (let i = 0; i < frames.length; i++) {
let item = frames[i]
let dataId = item.dataId
let dataValue = item.dataValue
let measurementArray = deserialize(dataId, dataValue)
measurementResultArray.push(measurementArray)
}
return measurementResultArray
} catch (e) {
return e.toString()
}
}
function unpack (messageValue) {
let frameArray = []
for (let i = 0; i < messageValue.length; i++) {
let remainMessage = messageValue
let dataId = remainMessage.substring(0, 2).toUpperCase()
let dataValue
let dataObj = {}
let packageLen
switch (dataId) {
case '12':
packageLen = getInt(remainMessage.substring(8, 10)) * 2 + 10
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, 8) + remainMessage.substring(10, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '13':
packageLen = 24
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '14':
packageLen = 74
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '15':
packageLen = 60
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '16':
packageLen = 18
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '17':
let byteCount = parseInt(remainMessage.substring(2, 4), 16)
packageLen = getInt(remainMessage.substring(2, 4)) * 2
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(4, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
if (isNaN(byteCount) || byteCount < 13 || (byteCount - 9) % 4 !== 0 || byteCount > 49) {
continue
}
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
case '18':
packageLen = 56
if (remainMessage.length < packageLen) {
return frameArray
}
dataValue = remainMessage.substring(2, packageLen)
messageValue = remainMessage.substring(packageLen)
dataObj = {
'dataId': dataId, 'dataValue': dataValue
}
break
default:
return frameArray
}
if (dataValue.length < 2) {
break
}
frameArray.push(dataObj)
}
return frameArray
}
function deserialize (dataId, dataValue) {
let measurementArray = []
let eventList = []
let measurement = {}
let collectTime = parseInt(new Date().getTime() / 1000)
let groupId = 0
let shardFlag = {}
let payload = ''
let value
let result = []
let dataArr = []
switch (dataId) {
case '12':
shardFlag = getShardFlag(dataValue.substring(0, 2))
groupId = getInt(dataValue.substring(2, 6))
payload = dataValue.substring(6)
measurement = {
measurementId: '6152',
groupId: groupId,
index: shardFlag.index,
count: shardFlag.count,
type: 'gnss-ng payload',
measurementValue: payload
}
measurementArray.push(measurement)
break
case '13':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(8, 16))
shardFlag = getShardFlag(dataValue.substring(16, 18))
groupId = getInt(dataValue.substring(18, 22))
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4200',
timestamp: collectTime,
motionId: getMotionId(dataValue.substring(6, 8)),
groupId: groupId,
index: shardFlag.index,
count: shardFlag.count,
type: 'Event Status',
measurementValue: getEventStatus(dataValue.substring(0, 6))
})
break
case '14':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(8, 16))
measurementArray = [
{measurementId: '4200', timestamp: collectTime, motionId: getMotionId(dataValue.substring(6, 8)), type: 'Event Status', measurementValue: getEventStatus(dataValue.substring(0, 6))},
{measurementId: '5001', timestamp: collectTime, motionId: getMotionId(dataValue.substring(6, 8)), type: 'Wi-Fi Scan', measurementValue: getMacAndRssiObj(dataValue.substring(16, 72))}
]
break
case '15':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(8, 16))
measurementArray = [
{measurementId: '4200', timestamp: collectTime, motionId: getMotionId(dataValue.substring(6, 8)), type: 'Event Status', measurementValue: getEventStatus(dataValue.substring(0, 6))},
{measurementId: '5002', timestamp: collectTime, motionId: getMotionId(dataValue.substring(6, 8)), type: 'BLE Scan', measurementValue: getMacAndRssiObj(dataValue.substring(16, 58))},
]
break
case '16':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(8, 16))
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '3576',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Positioning Status',
measurementValue: getPositingStatus(dataValue.substring(0, 2))
})
measurementArray.push({
timestamp: collectTime,
measurementId: '4200',
type: 'Event Status',
measurementValue: getEventStatus(dataValue.substring(2, 8))
})
break
case '17':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(6, 14))
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(0, 6))
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4208',
measureTime: collectTime,
type: 'Custom Event Status',
measurementValue: value
})
}
let initId = 4165
for (let i = 14; i < dataValue.length; i += 8) {
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(i, i + 8))
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
timestamp: collectTime,
measurementId: initId++,
type: 'Custom Measurement Type',
measurementValue: value
})
}
}
break
case '18':
collectTime = getUTCTimestamp(dataValue.substring(6, 14))
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4200',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Event Status',
measurementValue: getEventStatus(dataValue.substring(0, 6))
})
value = getSignSensorValue(dataValue.substring(14, 18), 10)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4097',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Air Temperature',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(18, 20), 1)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4098',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Air Humidity',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(20, 26), 1)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4101',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Barometric Pressure',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(26, 30), 1)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4115',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Distance',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(30, 34), 100)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4190',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'UV Index',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(34, 38), 1)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4206',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'VOC_INDEX',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getUnsignedSensorValue(dataValue.substring(38, 42), 1)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4207',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'Noise',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getSignSensorValue(dataValue.substring(42, 46), 100)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4150',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: ' AccelerometerX',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getSignSensorValue(dataValue.substring(46, 50), 100)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4151',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'AccelerometerY',
measurementValue: value
})
}
value = getSignSensorValue(dataValue.substring(50, 54), 100)
if (value !== null) {
measurementArray.push({
measurementId: '4152',
timestamp: collectTime,
type: 'AccelerometerZ',
measurementValue: value
})
}
break
}
return measurementArray
}
function getMotionId (str) {
return getInt(str)
}
function getPositingStatus (str) {
let status = getInt(str)
switch (status) {
case 0:
return {id:status, statusName:"Positioning successful."}
case 1:
return {id:status, statusName:"The GNSS scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 2:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Wi-Fi scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 3:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Wi-Fi + GNSS scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 4:
return {id:status, statusName:"The GNSS + Wi-Fi scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 5:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Bluetooth scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 6:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Bluetooth + Wi-Fi scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 7:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Bluetooth + GNSS scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 8:
return {id:status, statusName:"The Bluetooth + Wi-Fi + GNSS scan timed out and failed to obtain the location."}
case 9:
return {id:status, statusName:"Location Server failed to parse the GNSS location."}
case 10:
return {id:status, statusName:"Location Server failed to parse the Wi-Fi location."}
case 11:
return {id:status, statusName:"Location Server failed to parse the Bluetooth location."}
case 12:
return {id:status, statusName:"Failed to parse the GNSS location due to the poor accuracy."}
case 13:
return {id:status, statusName:"Time synchronization failed."}
case 14:
return {id:status, statusName:"Failed to obtain location due to the old Almanac."}
}
return getInt(str)
}
function getShardFlag (str) {
let bitStr = getByteArray(str)
return {
count: parseInt(bitStr.substring(0, 4), 2),
index: parseInt(bitStr.substring(4), 2)
}
}
function bytes2HexString (arrBytes) {
var str = ''
for (var i = 0; i < arrBytes.length; i++) {
var tmp
var num = arrBytes[i]
if (num < 0) {
tmp = (255 + num + 1).toString(16)
} else {
tmp = num.toString(16)
}
if (tmp.length === 1) {
tmp = '0' + tmp
}
str += tmp
}
return str
}
function loraWANV2DataFormat (str, divisor = 1) {
let strReverse = bigEndianTransform(str)
let str2 = toBinary(strReverse)
if (str2.substring(0, 1) === '1') {
let arr = str2.split('')
let reverseArr = arr.map((item) => {
if (parseInt(item) === 1) {
return 0
} else {
return 1
}
})
str2 = parseInt(reverseArr.join(''), 2) + 1
return '-' + str2 / divisor
}
return parseInt(str2, 2) / divisor
}
function bigEndianTransform (data) {
let dataArray = []
for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 2) {
dataArray.push(data.substring(i, i + 2))
}
return dataArray
}
function toBinary (arr) {
let binaryData = arr.map((item) => {
let data = parseInt(item, 16)
.toString(2)
let dataLength = data.length
if (data.length !== 8) {
for (let i = 0; i < 8 - dataLength; i++) {
data = `0` + data
}
}
return data
})
return binaryData.toString().replace(/,/g, '')
}
function getMacAndRssiObj (pair) {
let pairs = []
if (pair.length % 14 === 0) {
for (let i = 0; i < pair.length; i += 14) {
let mac = getMacAddress(pair.substring(i, i + 12))
if (mac) {
let rssi = getInt8RSSI(pair.substring(i + 12, i + 14))
pairs.push({mac: mac, rssi: rssi})
} else {
continue
}
}
}
return pairs
}
function getMacAddress (str) {
if (str.toLowerCase() === 'ffffffffffff') {
return null
}
let macArr = []
for (let i = 1; i < str.length; i++) {
if (i % 2 === 1) {
macArr.push(str.substring(i - 1, i + 1))
}
}
let mac = ''
for (let i = 0; i < macArr.length; i++) {
mac = mac + macArr[i]
if (i < macArr.length - 1) {
mac = mac + ':'
}
}
return mac
}
function getInt8RSSI (str) {
return loraWANV2DataFormat(str)
}
function getInt (str) {
return parseInt(str, 16)
}
function getEventStatus (str) {
// return getInt(str)
let bitStr = getByteArray(str)
let bitArr = []
for (let i = 0; i < bitStr.length; i++) {
bitArr[i] = bitStr.substring(i, i + 1)
}
bitArr = bitArr.reverse()
let event = []
for (let i = 0; i < bitArr.length; i++) {
if (bitArr[i] !== '1') {
continue
}
switch (i){
case 0:
event.push({id:1, eventName:"Start moving event."})
break
case 1:
event.push({id:2, eventName:"End movement event."})
break
case 2:
event.push({id:3, eventName:"Motionless event."})
break
case 3:
event.push({id:4, eventName:"Shock event."})
break
case 4:
event.push({id:5, eventName:"Temperature event."})
break
case 5:
event.push({id:6, eventName:"Light event."})
break
case 6:
event.push({id:7, eventName:"SOS event."})
break
case 7:
event.push({id:8, eventName:"Press once event."})
break
}
}
return event
}
function getByteArray (str) {
let bytes = []
for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i += 2) {
bytes.push(str.substring(i, i + 2))
}
return toBinary(bytes)
}
function getUTCTimestamp(str){
return parseInt(loraWANV2PositiveDataFormat(str)) * 1000
}
function getUnsignedSensorValue (str, dig = 1) {
if (isNull(str)) {
return null
}
return parseInt(str, 16) / dig
}
function isNull (str) {
if (str.substring(0, 1) !== '8') {
return false
}
for (let i = 1; i < str.length; i++) {
if (str.substring(i, i + 1) !== '0') {
return false
}
}
return true
}
function getSignSensorValue (str, dig = 1) {
if (isNull(str)) {
return null
}
return loraWANV2DataFormat(str, dig)
}
function loraWANV2PositiveDataFormat (str, divisor = 1) {
let strReverse = bigEndianTransform(str)
let str2 = toBinary(strReverse)
return parseInt(str2, 2) / divisor
}
步骤 4：检查数据
当设备尝试连接网络时，呼吸灯会闪烁。如果设备成功加入网络，呼吸灯会快速闪烁，并会发出轻快愉悦的旋律。
然后您可以在 TTS 控制台上检查数据。
