Getting Started with XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (ESP32-S3)
| XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (ESP32-S3) |
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Introduction
The 1.14'' IPS Display is an expansion board designed for the XIAO series, powered by the XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus. It features a 135×240 IPS color LCD, onboard PDM microphone, 6-axis IMU, Grove I2C connector, three user buttons, and battery voltage measurement — all integrated into a compact form factor.
This combination makes it an ideal platform for wearable devices, compact sensor nodes, portable instruments, and IoT prototyping where space is at a premium. With the ESP32-S3's dual-core processor, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth capabilities, it extends the display into a wireless-connected device.
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| Product Positioning | Sensing & Expansion |
| Core Controller | Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus |
| Processor | ESP32-S3R8, Dual-Core, up to 240 MHz |
| Memory | 8 MB PSRAM + 16 MB Flash |
| Wireless Connectivity | 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi + BLE 5.0 |
| Display Type | 1.14" IPS TFT LCD |
| Resolution | 135 × 240 |
| Display Driver | ST7789 |
| Display Interface | SPI |
| Touch Input | No |
| 6-Axis IMU | Yes |
| PDM Digital Microphone | Yes |
| MicroSD Card Slot | No |
| Grove I2C Connector | Yes |
| User Buttons | 3 |
| Battery Connector | 2-pin JST, 3.7 V LiPo |
| Battery Monitoring | Battery voltage monitoring via D16 ADC; battery level can be estimated from the measured voltage. Battery status detection is not supported. |
| Expansion Interfaces | 1x Grove I2C Connector, 1x I2C pads, 1x I2S pads, 1x SWD pads, 3x user-button pads |
| Board Size | 26 × 48 × 10.6 mm |
| Best For | Sensor dashboards, Grove projects, physical controllers |
This display board is designed for the XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus. If you are using the XIAO nRF52840 Plus version, please refer to the XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (nRF52840) guide instead.
The ESP32-S3 Plus uses D16 for voltage measurement. The voltage demo does not display battery percentage, and no charging-status signal is connected to an ESP32-S3 GPIO.
Hardware Overview
Before we start, refer to the following image to understand the physical layout of the 1.14'' IPS Display.
Pin Map
The 1.14'' IPS Display breaks out all XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus pins. The table below lists every pin, its net name on the display board, its function, and how it is connected to onboard peripherals.
| XIAO Pin | Net Name | Function Description | Hardware Connection Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| D0 | PDM_CLK | PDM digital microphone clock | Internally connected to PDM Mic |
| D1 | MIC_DATA | PDM digital microphone data | Internally connected to PDM Mic |
| D2 | LCD_CS | Screen chip select signal | Internally connected to LCD driver IC |
| D3 | LCD_DC | Screen data/command switch | Internally connected to LCD driver IC |
| D4 | SDA | I2C data bus | Bus sharing: internally connected to IMU; externally exposed to Grove I2C connector |
| D5 | SCL | I2C clock bus | Bus sharing: internally connected to IMU; externally exposed to Grove I2C connector |
| D6 | BTN_A | Physical button A (left) | Internally connected to front-left microswitch with external 1 KΩ pull-up. Externally exposed as U1 test pad |
| D7 | BTN_B | Physical button B (right) | Internally connected to front-right microswitch with external 1 KΩ pull-up. Externally exposed as U2 test pad |
| D8 | SCK | Hardware SPI clock | Internally connected to LCD driver IC |
| D9 | NC | Floating (reserved) | No physical connection |
| D10 | MOSI | Hardware SPI data output | Internally connected to LCD driver IC |
| D11 | I2S_SD | Audio data output | Externally exposed to bottom expansion pad |
| D12 | I2S_SCK | Audio bit clock | Externally exposed to bottom expansion pad |
| D13 | I2S_WS | Audio word select | Externally exposed to bottom expansion pad |
| D14 | IMU_INT | IMU motion hardware interrupt | Internally connected to 6-axis IMU for asynchronous wake-up |
| D15 | NC | Reserved (test point) | Connected to test point TP15 on PCB, no functional peripheral |
| D16 | BAT_ADC | Battery voltage detection | Internally connected to voltage divider circuit (316K / 160K). Do not use externally |
| D17 | LCD_RST | Screen soft reset | Internally connected to LCD driver IC |
| D18 | LCD_BL | Screen backlight control | Internally connected to backlight driver circuit |
| D19 | BTN_C | Physical button C (side) | Internally connected to side microswitch with external 1 KΩ pull-up. Externally exposed as U3 test pad |
Getting Started
This guide uploads a minimal "Hello, XIAO" sketch to the display board: the screen turns on its backlight, fills black, and prints "Hello," and "XIAO" as two centered lines of large green text. It is the fastest way to confirm the screen and your development environment are working before diving into the individual peripheral demos.
Software Preparation
You will need the following tools and libraries:
- Arduino IDE (version 1.8 or later)
- esp32 Boards by Espressif (3.3.11) — add the following URL to File > Preferences > Additional Boards Manager URLs:
https://espressif.github.io/arduino-esp32/package_esp32_index.json
Then go to Tools > Board > Boards Manager, search for esp32 and install version 3.3.11.
- Seeed_GFX2 (Manual Installation) — this library is not available in the Library Manager and must be installed manually:
Step 1. Click the button above to download Seeed_GFX2 v1.0.0 as a ZIP file (pinned to a release tag so the tutorial stays reproducible). Alternatively, clone the repository from Seeed-Studio/Seeed_GFX2.
Step 2. In the Arduino IDE, go to Sketch > Include Library > Add .ZIP Library... and select the downloaded ZIP. The IDE reads library.properties and installs it into the correct Seeed_GFX2 folder automatically — you do not need to rename the extracted folder. (To install manually instead, unzip the archive and rename the extracted folder to Seeed_GFX2 before placing it in Documents/Arduino/libraries/.)
Step 3. Restart the Arduino IDE so the new library is detected.
- Seeed_GFX2 is Seeed Studio's graphics library built on a layered
Board+Panel Configarchitecture. Each demo initializes the display with a singledisplay.begin<Board_..., Config_...>()call — the Board template owns the pin map (CS/DC/SCK/MOSI/RST/BL), and the Panel Config bakes in the 135×240 resolution, color order, and orientation. Nodriver.hor manual pin setup is needed. - On this board the sketch uses
Board_XIAO_1inch14_LCD<13, 12>(RST=13, BL=12) withConfig_Seeed_1inch14_LCD_ST7789.
Download the Code
The example sketch is available on GitHub:
Navigate to code_GFX2/getting_started_code/xiao_esp32s3_114_hello/ and open xiao_esp32s3_114_hello.ino in the Arduino IDE. Download the complete folder rather than copying the .ino source from the GitHub web view.
Upload the Sketch
Step 1. Connect the XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus to your computer via the USB-C port.
Step 2. In Arduino IDE, select the board: Tools > Board > esp32 > XIAO_ESP32S3_PLUS.
Step 3. Select the correct Port under Tools > Port.
Step 4. Click the Upload button (→). The sketch will compile and upload to the board.
Expected Output
After uploading, the screen lights up with a black background and shows two centered lines of large green text — "Hello," on the first line and "XIAO" on the second. The greeting stays on screen without redrawing.
If the display fails to initialize, the sketch prints the library error message to the serial monitor at 115200 baud. Open Tools > Serial Monitor and set the baud rate to 115200 to read it.
What's Next
The display board packs several onboard peripherals. The Function page provides a standalone demo for each one:
| Peripheral | Demo |
|---|---|
| Screen | GraphicTest — ten graphics primitives with timing benchmarks |
| IMU | Electronic Quicksand + Raise to Wake — 6-axis motion effects and wake-on-motion |
| Microphone & Speaker | Voice Bar + Flash Recorder — live PDM level meter and recording |
| Grove I2C | SHT31 Temperature & Humidity — read a Grove SHT31 sensor |
| Buttons | User Buttons — read presses and debounce with interrupts |
| Battery | Battery Voltage Detection — measure the divider voltage |
FAQ
The board doesn't appear in the Tools > Board menu
Make sure you have added the ESP32 board package to Arduino IDE:
- Go to File > Preferences and paste the URL below into Additional Boards Manager URLs:
https://espressif.github.io/arduino-esp32/package_esp32_index.json - Go to Tools > Board > Boards Manager, search for esp32, and install version 3.3.11.
- After installation, Tools > Board > esp32 > XIAO_ESP32S3_PLUS should appear in the menu.
If the board still doesn't show up, restart Arduino IDE and try again.
[About Factory Firmware-DashBoard]
The I2C scan on the dashboard freezes — what should I do?
Press the Reset button on the XIAO ESP32-S3 Plus once to reboot the board. This clears the stuck I2C bus and the dashboard returns to normal.
We strongly recommend against hot-plugging devices on the I2C interface. Always power off the board before connecting or disconnecting anything on the Grove I2C connector or the SDA/SCL breakout pads — hot-plugging can hang the I2C bus.
Resources
- 🗃️[PCB Design Files] XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (ESP32-S3) KiCad Project
- 📄[Schematic] XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (ESP32-S3) Schematic
- 📦[3D Model] XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (STEP)
- 📄[Datasheet] 1.14 Inch Display Datasheet
- 💾[Factory Firmware] XIAO 1.14'' IPS Display (ESP32-S3) Factory Firmware
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